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Learn all the frequently asked interview questions on DevOps
1. What is Devops?
DevOps is the combination of cultural philosophies, practices, and tools that increases an organization’s ability to deliver applications and services at high velocity: evolving and improving products at a faster pace than organizations using traditional software development and infrastructure management processes.
2. What is Continuous Integration?
Continuous integration is a software development practice where developers regularly merge their code changes into a central repository, after which automated builds and tests are run. The key goals of continuous integration are to find and address bugs quicker, improve software quality, and reduce the time it takes to validate and release new software updates.
3. What is Continuous Delivery?
Continuous delivery is a software development practice where code changes are automatically built, tested, and prepared for a release to production. It expands upon continuous integration by deploying all code changes to a testing environment and/or a production environment after the build stage. When continuous delivery is implemented properly, developers will always have a deployment-ready build artifact that has passed through a standardized test process.
4. What is Infrastructure as Code?
Infrastructure as code is a practice in which infrastructure is provisioned and managed using code and software development techniques, such as version control and continuous integration. Thus, engineers can interface with infrastructure using code-based tools and treat infrastructure in a manner similar to how they treat application code. Because they are defined by code, infrastructure and servers can quickly be deployed using standardized patterns, updated with the latest patches and versions, or duplicated in repeatable ways.
5. What is Configuration Management?
Developers and system administrators use code to automate operating system and host configuration, operational tasks, and more. The use of code makes configuration changes repeatable and standardized. It frees developers and systems administrators from manually configuring operating systems, system applications, or server software.
6. What is continuous deployment?
Continuous deployment takes continuous delivery to the next level by having new changes in code integrated and delivered automatically into the release branch. More specifically, as soon as the updates passed all stages of the production pipeline, they are deployed directly to the end user without human intervention. Thus, to successfully utilize continuous deployment, the software artifacts must go through rigorously established automated tests and tools before deployed into the production environment.
7. What is continuous testing and its benefits?
Continuous testing is the practice of applying automated tests early, gradually and adequately in the software delivery pipeline. In a typical CI/CD workflow, builds are released in small batches. Therefore, it is impractical to manually perform test cases for each delivery. Automated continuous testing eliminates the manual steps and turn them into automated routines, which reduces human effort.
Benefits of continuous testing:
8. What is version control and its uses?
Version control (or source control) is a repository in which all changes in the source code are stored and managed at all times. The version control provides an operating history of code development that allows developers to unwind if they made any mistakes, compare between versions and finalize with the best version of the code. All the code versions must be updated and checked into the version control, making it the single source of truth that is applicable for all environments.
9. What are the benefits of CI/CD?
10. Define a typical DevOps workflow
A typical DevOps workflow can be simplified into 4 stages:
11. List out some popular tools for DevOps?
Some of the popular tools for DevOps are
12. What is Chef?
It is a powerful automation platform which transforms infrastructure into code. In this tool, you can use write scripts that are used to automate processes.
13. Name some important network monitoring tools
Some most prominent network monitoring tools are:
14. What are the different phases in DevOps?
The various phases of the DevOps lifecycle are as follows:
15. How does continuous monitoring help you maintain the entire architecture of the system?
Continuous monitoring in DevOps is a process of detecting, identifying, and reporting any faults or threats in the entire infrastructure of the system.
16. Explain the difference between a centralized and distributed version control system (VCS).
Centralized Version Control System
Distributed Control System
17. Describe branching strategies you have used.
18. What is it shift left in Devops?
The traditional software development lifecycle when graphed on a paper has two sides, left and right. While the left side of the graph includes design and development, the right side includes production staging, stress testing, and user acceptance. To shift left in DevOps simply means the necessity of taking as many tasks on the right i.e. that typically happens toward the end of the application development process and incorporates them into earlier stages of a DevOps methodology.
19. Can you state and explain various key elements of continuous testing?
Various key elements of continuous testing are:
Advanced analysis: Used for forecasting and predicting unknown future events
20. What is the difference between Asset Management and Configuration Management.
The process of monitoring as well as maintaining things of value to an entity or group is called an Asset Management.
Configuration Management refers to the process of controlling, identifying, planning for, and verifying the configuration items within service in support of Change Management.
21. What are the several KPIs used to gauge DevOps success?
KPIs is a contracted form of Key Performance Indicators. In order to measure the success of a DevOps process, several KPIs can be used. Some of the most popular ones are:
22) What are the advantages of DevOps?
For this answer, you can use your past experience and explain how DevOps helped you in your previous job. If you don’t have any such experience, then you can mention the below advantages.
Technical benefits:
Business benefits:
23) What is the difference between DevOps & Agile?
24) What is the difference between continuous delivery and continuous deployment?
Continuous Delivery:
Continuous Deployment:
25) What is the role of AWS in DevOps?
AWS has the following role in DevOps:
Bijan Patel
Full Stack Test Automation Expert | Selenium Framework Developer | Certified Tosca Automation Specialist | Postman | DevOps | AWS | IC Agile Certified | Trainer | Youtuber | Blogger|